Novel guide element for use in producing novelty yarns

ABSTRACT

An improved guide element or &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;coronelle&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; for use in the production of novelty yarns and adapted to be placed on top of a hollow spindle, which comprises a one piece rigid element, having at least one orifice excentrically located with respect to the axis of rotation for the passage of thread, a crossbarring means, and a means for rotating the rigid element on the hollow shaft.

United States Patent Chatin [54] NOVEL GUIDE ELEMENT FOR USE IN PRODUCING NOVELTY YARNS Remy Chatin, Chavanoz, France Moulinage Et Chavanoz, Chavanoz, France June 25, 1970 lnventor:

[73] Assignee:

Filed:

Appl. No.:

Foreign Application Priority Data June 26, 1969 France ..6921891 us. c1. ..57/18, 57/773, 57/106 1m. 01. ..D02g 3/36 Field 61 Search ..57/12, 16, 17, 18, 34,51,

I References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/1970 Chatin ..57/16 8/1953 Samler et al ..242/128 3/1964 Smith ..57/18 I 1/1967 Gilchrist ..57/77.3

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Retorderie De 1451 Aug. 15, 1972 Primary Examiner-Werner H. Schroeder Attorney-Shannan and Shalloway [57] ABSTRACT An improved guide element or coronelle" for use in the production of novelty yarns and adapted to be placed on top of a hollow spindle, which comprises a one piece rigid element, having at least one orifice excentrically located with respect to the axis of rotation for the passage of thread, a crossbarring means, and a means for rotating the rigid element on the hollow shaft.

10 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures Patented Aug. 15, 1972 3,683,607

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR REMY CHATIN BY (M ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 15, 1972 3,683,607

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F IG 4 F165 I INVENTOR REMY CHATIN NOVEL GUIDE ELEMENT FOR USE IN PRODUCING NOVELTY YARNS The present invention relates to an improved guide element or coronelle which is used in a process for producing novelty yarns; more particularly, the guide element of the present invention is an improvement of the guide element which is used in the apparatus disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,508,389. This patent discloses a process and apparatus for producing novelyarns which comprises applying a false twist to an assembly of a core yarn and an effect yarn which has been overfed relative to the core yarn and subsequently binding this assembly with a binder yarn before the disappearance of the false twist and at the moment of the locking of the false twist.

The novel guide element of this invention is adapted to be placed at the top of a hollow spindle such as the one used in US. Pat. No. 3,508,389, wherein the guide element is mounted so that it may rotate freely at the end of the hollow shaft which carries the bobbin containing the binding thread.

As is well known in the art, guide elements are implements for guiding thread, generally employed in the manufacture of threads which have relatively high strength or a strong twist, such as crepe threads. Guide elements have the advantage of giving a certain tension to the threads as they are produced. Although this may be an advantage when it is used with high strength threads, in producing fancy threads such as those mentioned in US. Pat, No. 3,508,389, this same tension which is caused by the guide element presents certain problems, such as the breaking of the thread or a displacement of the fancy effect at the time of leaving the shaft of the guide element.

In accordance with the present invention, however, it has been discovered that using a guide element which comprises a one piece rigid element and has excentrically located orifices for the passage of thread reduces the amount of tension which is produced by the guide element and, therefore, eliminates the problems which are inherent in'the use of a guide element, namely, displacement of the effect on the core thread or even breaking of the thread.

Accordingly, it is a principal object of the present invention to provide a novel guide element for use in the production of novelty yarns, which guide element has eliminated the inherent deficiencies and disadvantages of the previously employed guide elements, such as displacement of the effect on the core yarn and breaking the thread.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel guide element which has a rigid element having at least one orifice for the passage of thread in order to reduce the tension in the effect thread produced. v I

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel guide element which comprises a rigid element, a false twist element and a rotational element.

Other objects and advantages of the novel guide element of the present invention will become more apparent from the following more detailed description thereof and in connection with the drawings wherein:

- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the novel guide element of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the novel guide element of this invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the device for the manufacture of fancy threads using a single shaft, which is then provided with the novel guide element of this invention as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of an apparatus for manufacturing fancy threads which comprises two hollow shafts, the upper shaft of which has been provided with the novel guide element according to this invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of an apparatus for the production of fancy threads comprising two shafts in which the direction of the flow of the core thread-has been reversed with respect to the device i1- lustrated in FIG. 4, wherein the lower shaft element has been provided with the novel guide element of this invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the novel guide element of this invention comprises a disc 1 provided with two orifices 2 and for guidance of thread 2 and 3 in combination with a false twist element 4. Disc 1 is mounted on tube 8 by means of ball bearings 9 so that disc 1 freely rotates on tube 8. The false twist element 4 is provided with a slit 5 and with two bars 6 and 7'which in this instance are parallel, although they may alternatively be staggered or even crossed.

In order to operate more efficiently, the disc 1 is symmetrically situated on tube 8, so that disc 1 rotates smoothly. Additionally, the shape of disc 1 is normally simple, i.e., circular or elliptical, so that it is easy to machine. Alternatively, if a lighter guide element is desired, disc 1 may be perforated symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation so that a good equilibrium is established. This is instead of the solid disc 1 which is illustrated in FIG. 2.

The novel guide element of this invention is attached to the hollow spindle tube by means of tube 8 which may be solid or have asplit in the side. Tube 8 is inserted into the end of the shaft, and should fit tightly enough in the hollow spindle shaft so that the guide element of this invention will not be able to fly off of the shaft under the effect of centrifugal force.

Disc 1 is attached to tube 8 by means of a device 9 which allows free rotation, such as ball hearings or a self-lubricating ring or any other equivalent means. These rotational means may be either for free or a controlled rotation and alternatively may be provided with breaking elements which, as shaft 8 slows down, lower themselves onto the shaft to keep disc 1 from turning after the shaft stops.

False twist element 4, which contains crossbars 6 and 7, is one example of the crossbarring means which may be used with the novel guide element of this invention. This crossbarring means may alternatively be directly connected to disc 1 or may be any other false twist element of a known type, especially those with parallel or crossed bars, or any equivalent crossbarring element.

FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show the use of the novel guide element of this invention with various types of novel effect thread producing devices.

In FIG. 3, core thread 10 and effect thread 1 1, which has been overfed by means of a pair of controlling guide rollers 12 and 13, are introduced simultaneously into spindle shaft 14 which carries bobbin 15. Binding thread 16 is drawn from bobbin 15 and passes through slit 5 of false twist element 4 and yields fancy thread 17. Fancy thread 17 has been produced by false twisting overfed effect thread I1 and core thread and binding this assembly of core thread and effect thread with binding thread 16 in false twist element 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, the novel guide element of this invention 26 is located at the top of shaft 29. Core thread 20 passes through rotating hollow spindle shaft 24 which has bobbin 23 mounted thereon. Effect thread 21 is drawn from bobbin 23 and is assembled with core thread 20 on needle 22 which is mounted on top of rotating hollow shaft 24 and forms intermediate thread 30. Intermediate thread 30 passes through hollow spindle 29 which is rotating in an opposite direction from hollow spindle 24. Binding thread 27 is drawn from bobbin 28 which is located on spindle shaft 29 and passes through orifice 2 and into false twist element 4 where it binds intermediate thread 30 to form fancy effect thread 31.

Referring to FIG. 5, which illustrates a two-shaft device in which the direction of the thread is opposite that in FIG. 4, core thread 20 is associated with effect thread 21 which is overfed to needle 22 and passes through hollow spindle shaft 24 and forms intermediate thread 30. Intermediate thread 30 passes into false twist element 4 and is associated with binding thread 27 which is drawn from bobbin 28 and through orifice 2 to form fancy effect thread 31 which passes out through the bottom of hollow spindle 29.

As can readily be seen from FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, the novel spindle cap of this invention can be used with any device which would make use of a guide element. The guide elements of this invention are particularly well adapted for use with the apparatus of U8. Pat. No. 3,508,389 which comprises a feeding mechanism of at least two threads in which one is overfed with respect to the other and including a false twist element and an element which binds the first two threads with a binding thread at the point of locking of the twist.

Although the novel guide element of this invention is well adapted to be used in a single step operation, it can also be readily used in other operations which require two or more steps, such as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. These two-step devices may make use of conventional type devices for forming novel effect thread, such as needles.

The following examples will further illustrate the use of the novel guide element of this invention. These examples are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to be limitative in any way.

EXAMPLE 1 Using the device illustrated in FIG. 3, a slub yarn was prepared by the combination of a viscose rayon core yarn l 10 dtex/25 strands, presenting an S twist of 100 t/m. with an effect thread of viscose fibers 500 dtex/l strand, presenting a twist Z of 580 t/m and bound with a binding thread of viscose rayon I00 dtex/25 strands with an S twist of I00 t/m. The effect thread had an overfeed rate of 138 percent, the speed of rotation of the spindle shaft was 6,500 t/mn and the twist taken of effect binding was 680 t/m as the Z twist. The overfeed rate is defined by the following formula:

EXAMPLE 6 Using the same device as in Example I, a core thread of polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) with 78 dtex/ l 7 strands having a Z twist of 20 t/m had an effect thread of cellulose acetate of 167 dtex/36 strands with an S twist of I50 t/m wound thereon. This assembly was bound with a binding thread with a thread identical to the core thread of nylon 66. When operated with an overfeed rate of I34 percent and a speed of rotation of the hollow spindle shaft of 6,500 t/mn, and the twist taken of efiect binding was 710 t/m as the Z twist, the product appeared to have regularly spaced knops.

EXAMPLE 3 Using the same procedure as in Example 1, the fancy effect thread composed entirely of polyethyleneterephthalate was produced with the core thread having 49 dtex/22 strands, the effect thread having 99 dtex/44 strands and the binding thread having 24 dtex/4 strands with an overfeed rate of the effect thread of 195 percent and the feed of rotation of the spindle shaft of 5,800 t/mn, and the twist taken of effect binding was l,500 t/m.

EXAMPLE 4 Using the device illustrated in FIG. 4, a core thread composed of two threads of polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) having 77 dtex/l7 strands and an effect thread composed of two strands of textured cellulose acetate having 220 dtex/36 strands was wound around the core thread and this assembly was bound by a binding thread which was a multifilament of polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) of 77 dtex/ l7 strands. With an overfeed rate of percent and a speed of rotation of the lower spindle shaft 24 of 3,000 t/mn, an intermediate thread twist of 1,000 t/m was produced. This intermediate threadpassed through the upper shaft rotating at 5,000 t/mn and the binding twist was 630 t/m as the S twist.

EXAMPLE 5 Using the device illustrated in FIG. 5, with the core effect and binding thread which had the same properties as used in Example 4, and the same speeds of rotation as in Example 4, a novelty effect thread was produced. Using the procedure of the last two examples, a chenille thread with the regular effect which is very symmetrical with respect to the core thread was produced. This thread had superior qualities to chenille type threads which have been produced heretofore. These prior art threads were less tight and much less regular for the equivalent torsions and were more curly than chenille should be.

It is readily apparent that the novel guide element of this invention can be used with many different types of devices for the production of novelty effect threads and should not be limited to any particular processes. The novel guide element of this invention is to be limited only by the appended claims and must be construed as broadly as any and all equivalents thereof.

What is claimed is:

1. A guide element adapted to be mounted on a vertical spindle shaft at the top of said shaft which comprises a rigid element having one centrally located aperture with relation to the axis of rotation of said false twisting means attached to said rigid'el'ement at said central aperture, said false twisting means being at least one cross pin positioned substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said shaft, and rotational means connecting said rigid element to said shaft.

2. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the center of symmetry of the rigid element is located on the axis of rotation of the shaft.

3. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rigid element has two orifices for the passage of thread arranged so that the two orifices are symmetrically located with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft.-

4. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rigid element is approximately circular.

5. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rigid element is approximately elliptical.

6. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rotational means allows the guide element to rotate freely.

7..The guide element of claim 6 wherein the rotational means are ball bearings.

8. The guide element according to claim 6 wherein the rotational means is a self-lubricating ring.

9. In a device for the manufacture of fancy threads comprising a mechanism for feeding at least two threads with at least one of the threads overfed with respect to the other, a false twist element and a vertical shaft supporting a binding thread, said shaft having a top and a bottom, the improvement which comprises a rigid element attached to the top of said shaft, said rigid element having a centrally located aperture with relation to the axis of rotation of said shaft and having at least one orifice for the passage of said binding thread, said false twist element being at least one cross pin attached to said rigid element at said aperture and being positioned substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said shaft, said orifice being excentrically located with relation to the axis of rotation of the rigid element, and rotational means connecting said rigid element to said shaft.

10. In a device for the manufacture of fancy threads which comprises an upper shaft,.a needle in close proximity to said upper shaft for guiding an effect thread onto a core thread, and a lower shaft supporting a binding thread, said lower shaft having a top and a bottom, the improvement which comprises a rigid element attached to the top of said lower shaft, said rigid element having a centrally located aperture with relation to the axis of rotation of said shaft and having at least one orifice for the passage of said binding thread, said orifice being excentrically located with relation to the axis of rotation of the rigid element, false twisting means attached to said rigid element at said aperture and being at least one cross pin substantially perpendicular to said axis of rotation, and rotational means connecting said rigid element to said lower shaft.

I IF l 

1. A guide element adapted to be mounted on a vertical spindle shaft at the top of said shaft which comprises a rigid element having one centrally located aperture with relation to the axis of rotation of said shaft and having at least one orifice for the passage of thread, said orifice being excentrically located with relation to the axis of rotation of the guide element, false twisting means attached to said rigid element at said central aperture, said false twisting means being at least one cross pin positioned substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said shaft, and rotational means connecting said rigid element to said shaft.
 2. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the center of symmetry of the rigid element is located on the axis of rotation of the shaft.
 3. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rigid element has two orifices for the passage of thread arranged so that the two orifices are symmetrically located with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft.
 4. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rigid element is approximately circular.
 5. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rigid element is approximately elliptical.
 6. The guide element of claim 1 wherein the rotational means allows the guide element to rotate freely.
 7. The guide element of claim 6 wherein the rotational means are ball bearings.
 8. The guide element according to claim 6 wherein the rotational means is a self-lubricating ring.
 9. In a device for the manufacture of fancy threads comprising a mechanism for feeding at least two threads with at least one of the threads overfed with respect to the other, a false twist element and a vertical shaft supporting a binding thread, said shaft having a top and a bottom, the improvement which comprises a rigid element attached to The top of said shaft, said rigid element having a centrally located aperture with relation to the axis of rotation of said shaft and having at least one orifice for the passage of said binding thread, said false twist element being at least one cross pin attached to said rigid element at said aperture and being positioned substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said shaft, said orifice being excentrically located with relation to the axis of rotation of the rigid element, and rotational means connecting said rigid element to said shaft.
 10. In a device for the manufacture of fancy threads which comprises an upper shaft, a needle in close proximity to said upper shaft for guiding an effect thread onto a core thread, and a lower shaft supporting a binding thread, said lower shaft having a top and a bottom, the improvement which comprises a rigid element attached to the top of said lower shaft, said rigid element having a centrally located aperture with relation to the axis of rotation of said shaft and having at least one orifice for the passage of said binding thread, said orifice being excentrically located with relation to the axis of rotation of the rigid element, false twisting means attached to said rigid element at said aperture and being at least one cross pin substantially perpendicular to said axis of rotation, and rotational means connecting said rigid element to said lower shaft. 